Violence or Non-violence How to Gain Independence Essay Example

Violence or Non-violence How to Gain Independence Paper For every conflict there is a different method towards a resolution. After 1945 several countries under European rule strained for independence, of these many countries, India and Kenya waged two very different journeys to obtaining their goals of independence. India got there in 1947 after long periods of suffering through non-violent protests beginning in the early 1920s (Source 1. pg 1027). Kenya, however, turned to violence in 1952 in order to obtain their independence in 1963 (Source 1. pg 1116). After comparing these two countrys struggles for independence, a method of violence is a more defensible route. European colonies began in India during the early 1600s as a result of the trading companies (Text, pg 623). Realizing that India could not be controlled with out the help of its people, Britain began educating Indian people in order for them to hold political positions. In 1885, the Indian National Congress, was formulated and as a result the Hindu and Muslim people of India were brought together. This unity was ruptured with the British encouragement of the 1906 creation of the Muslim league (Text, pg 1027). Now, the divisions were clear and the only common cause of the two organizations was Indian independence. In 1915 an educated Indian by the name Mohandas Gandi, returned to India after being educated in London and worked in South Africa (Text, pg 1028). Gandi united the Indian people in massive movements, mainly the Non-cooperation Movement (1929-1922) and the Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930. Britain did try to put down the Indian protesters violently. We will write a custom essay sample on Violence or Non-violence How to Gain Independence specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Violence or Non-violence How to Gain Independence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Violence or Non-violence How to Gain Independence specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This was not unexpected after the 1919 incident where 379 Indian demonstrators were massacred in a protest (Text, pg 1028). Gandi was able to repeatedly rally Indian people in the face of brutality be convincing them that sacrifice on ones self is superior to the sacrificing of others (Doc 169, pg 169). The British complied with several demands for reform as a result of the passive resistance, but only enough to delay independence. Headway was finally made in 1937 when the Government of India Act was enabled by the British to give India the means to be a self-governed state (Text, pg 1028). Unfortunately, due to the Hindu and Muslim divisions, India did not obtain independence until 1947, when India was divided into separate religious states (Text, pg 1102). Indias non-violent methods to acquiring independence can only be attributed to the fact that there was a window of opportunity available to India. After the First World War, Britain was in period of weakened economic status following the U. S. Stock Market Crash of 1929 (Text, pg 1011). This economic disadvantage was only worse after the Second World War. The situation made it difficult for Britain to effectively keep control, and allowing for India to slowly break away (Text, pg 1102). Had the economic situation given Britain the resources to stop the Indian resistance, the outcome of a non-violent gain of independence would not have been possible. The British first colonized Kenya in 1895 (Web). African lands were initially of interest to Europeans in order to establish sources for raw materials and later a labor source. Kenya, like many others sent numerous people to die in European wars for no reward (Doc 158, pg 220). On top of that already serious resentment, heavy taxes, eviction from lands, and being forced into positions of wage slaves, just added to the mounting explosion. Non-violent measures began early in the 1940s, but no requests of reform were ever honored by the British (Text, pg 1116). Angered the frozen situation, several nationalist rose to violently oppose the British in 1952. Jomo Kenyatta was among the leaders of the Mau Mau force who was captured and exiled in 1953 (Web). The British announced a state of emergency, until the violence ended in 1956. British forces were actually the victors of the war for independence, but the people of Kenya continued to push for their cause until it was a reality in 1963 (Text, pg 1116). Kenya chose a violent route towards independence because it was cleat that protests and strikes werent making any leeway. Britain blatantly exploited and suppressed people across Africa, as well as repeatedly ignore Kenyan attempts to become active in their own government. The extreme extent to which the Kenyan people were mistreated explains why they resorted to violence. Only after Kenya displayed their willingness to sacrifice their own lives and take down as many British as possible, did it become evident that the Kenyan people would no longer stand to be railroaded. Comparing these countries a little closer, violence is the more defensible route because once it is used; the process of independence is much faster. It took India well over 25 years after the first movement, and Kenya about 10 years after the first violent act to gain independence from colonial control. The fact that Europeans were only interested in these countries for greed and power, further illustrates how little respect was given. It is also because of these motives that Britain was not going to let go without a fight. Despite the method used to gain independence (violent or non) Britain still used violence in an attempt to control. If violence is to be brought into the equation by colonial powers, it should not be felt only by the oppressed. It is only right that emerging independent nations step up to the plate ready and throw right back what ever is dealt. Another take on the pro-violence stance in that the use of violence can help heal the wounds of racial degradation from years of colonial control (Text, pg 1112). All the adds up to the fact that violence is the best bet for gaining independence. After comparing these two countrys struggles for independence, a method of violence is a more defensible route. It is apparent that a non-violent approach only works in narrow circumstances, so violence the best bet for gaining independence. Violence is faster, fair, and mentally satisfying for countries trying free themselves of colonial control. The resolution must parallel the severity of the problem to have effective results. Any other course of action would only delay (at best) the arrival of independence.

Christianity And Pagansim In Beowulf essays

Christianity And Pagansim In Beowulf essays The epic poem Beowulf, written in the Eighth Century, is predominantly written based on pagan beliefs. It is evident, as the story traveled by word of mouth, many Christian beliefs were added. Christianity, at the time this epic was written, was on a steady incline. Many missionaries were traveling all over England preaching the word and leaving their mark. Beowulf can be analyzed for both its pagan motifs- fate, superhuman behavior, reparation, and many gods- as well as its Christian overtones- Christian characterizations, Adam and Eve, and Resemblances to Jesus. The pagan motifs symbolize and represent the culture of the Anglo-Saxon people. Much like the writings of today, the Anglo-Saxon people tell stories of what they know and believe. Knowing this, one must agree Beowulf is a direct reflection of the Anglo-Saxon society. Fate is a key pagan concept mentioned many times throughout the epic poem. In a pagan society, fate determines all. Living short lives, the pagan people believe in destiny and everything happening for a reason. As one can see, even in battle ...fate decides/ Which of us wins (677-678). This line shows Beowulf believes fate is the higher power, and fate alone will decide the outcome of the battle. This view is very typical of the Anglo-Saxon people because they believe what happens is meant to be. Throughout the poem, Beowulf shows many superhuman or god-like qualities. These god-like qualities or superhuman personifications show that the people of that era believe in powers greater than the ordinary man, suc h as magic. The reader sees many examples of magic or blessed items such as swords and monsters, showing that the pagan people are very sacrificial and superstitious. They believe in order to defeat beasts blessed by evil, one must have weapons blessed by all that is good. This is an understandable concept, showing that the pagans in the po...

Biography of John Riley - Saint Patricks Battalion

Biography of John Riley - Saint Patricks Battalion John Riley (Circa 1805-1850) was an Irish soldier who deserted the American army just before the outbreak of the Mexican-American War. He joined the Mexican army and founded the St. Patricks Battalion, a force made up of fellow deserters, primarily Irish and German Catholics. Riley and the others deserted because treatment of foreigners in the US army was very harsh and because they felt that their allegiance was more with Catholic Mexico than Protestant USA. Riley fought with distinction for the Mexican army and survived the war only to die in obscurity. Early Life and Military Career Riley was born in County Galway, Ireland sometime between 1805 and 1818. Ireland was a very poor country at the time and was hit hard even before the great famines began around 1845. Like many Irish, Riley made his way to Canada, where he likely served in a British army regiment. Moving to Michigan, he enlisted in the US army before the Mexican-American War. When sent to Texas, Riley deserted to Mexico on April 12, 1846, before the war officially broke out. Like other deserters, he was welcomed and invited to serve in the Legion of Foreigners which saw action in the bombardment of Fort Texas and the Battle of Resaca de la Palma. The Saint Patricks Battalion By April of 1846, Riley had been promoted to Lieutenant and had organized a unit comprised of 48 Irishmen who joined the Mexican army. More and more deserters came over from the American side and by August of 1846, he had over 200 men in his battalion. The unit was named el Batallà ³n de San Patricio, or the St. Patricks Battalion, in honor of Irelands patron saint. They marched under a green banner with an image of St. Patrick on one side and a harp and emblem of Mexico on the other. As many of them were skilled artillerymen, they were assigned as an elite artillery regiment. Why Did the San Patricios Defect? During the Mexican-American War, thousands of men deserted on both sides: conditions were harsh and more men died of illness and exposure than in combat. Life in the US army was particularly tough on Irish Catholics: they were seen as lazy, ignorant and foolish. They were given dirty and dangerous jobs and promotions were virtually non-existent. Those who joined the enemy side most likely did so because of the promises of land and money and out of loyalty to Catholicism: Mexico, like Ireland, is a Catholic nation. The St. Patrick’s Battalion was comprised of foreigners, mainly Irish Catholics. There were some German Catholics as well, and some foreigners who lived in Mexico before the war. The Saint Patricks in Action in Northern Mexico The St. Patricks Battalion saw limited action at the siege of Monterrey, as they were stationed in a massive fortress that American General Zachary Taylor decided to avoid entirely. At the Battle of Buena Vista, however, they played a major role. They were stationed alongside the main road on a plateau where the main Mexican assault took place. They won an artillery duel with an American unit and even made off with some American cannons. When Mexican defeat was imminent, they helped cover the retreat. Several San Patricios won a Cross of Honor medal for valor during the battle, including Riley, who was also promoted to captain. The San Patricios in Mexico City After the Americans opened another front, the San Patricios accompanied Mexican General Santa Anna to the east of Mexico City. They saw action at the Battle of Cerro Gordo, although their role in that battle has been largely lost to history. It was at the Battle of Chapultepec that ​they made a name for themselves. As the Americans attacked Mexico City, the Battalion was stationed at one end of a key bridge and in a nearby convent. They held the bridge and convent for hours against superior troops and weapons. When Mexicans in the convent tried to surrender, the San Patricios tore down the white flag three times. They were eventually overwhelmed once they ran out of ammunition. Most of the San Patricios were killed or captured at the Battle of Churubusco, ending its effective life as a unit, although it would re-form after the war with the survivors and last for about another year. Capture and Punishment Riley was among the 85 San Patricios captured during the battle. They were court-martialed and most of them were found guilty of desertion. Between September 10 and 13, 1847, fifty of them would be hanged in punishment for their defection to the other side. Riley, although he was the highest-profile among them, was not hanged: he had defected before the war had officially been declared, and such defection in peacetime was by definition a far less serious offense. Still, Riley, by then a major and highest ranking foreign officer of the San Patricios (the Battalion had Mexican commanding officers), was punished harshly. His head was shaved, he was given fifty lashes (witnesses say the count was botched and that Riley actually received 59), and he was branded with a D (for deserter) on his cheek. When the brand was at first put on upside down, he was re-branded on the other cheek. After that, he was thrown in a dungeon for the duration of the war, which lasted several more months. In spite of this harsh punishment, there were those in the American army who felt he should have been hanged with the others. After the war, Riley and the others were released and re-formed the St. Patricks Battalion. The unit soon became embroiled in the constant infighting among Mexican officials and Riley was briefly jailed for suspicion of participation in an uprising, but he was freed. Records indicating that a Juan Riley died on August 31, 1850, were once believed to refer to him, but new evidence indicates that this is not the case. Efforts are ongoing to determine Rileys true fate: Dr. Michael Hogan (who has written the definitive texts about the San Patricios) writes The search for the burial place of the true John Riley, Mexican major, a decorated hero, and leader of the Irish battalion, must continue. The Legacy   To Americans, Riley is a deserter and a traitor: the lowest of the low. To Mexicans, however, Riley is a great hero: a skilled soldier who followed his conscience and joined the enemy because he thought it was the right thing to do. The St. Patricks Battalion has a place of great honor in Mexican history: there are streets named for it, memorial plaques where they fought, postage stamps, etc. Riley is the name most commonly associated with the Battalion, and he has, therefore, gained extra heroic status for Mexicans, who have erected a statue of him in his birthplace of Clifden, Ireland. The Irish have returned the favor, and there is a bust of Riley now in the San Angel Plaza, courtesy of Ireland. Americans of Irish descent, who once disowned Riley and the Battalion, have warmed to them in recent years: perhaps in part due to a couple of good books that have come out recently. Also, there was a major Hollywood production in 1999 entitled One Mans Hero based (very loosely) on the life of Riley and the Battalion. Sources Hogan, Michael. The Irish Soldiers of Mexico. Paperback, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, May 25, 2011. Wheelan, Joseph. Invading Mexico: Americas Continental Dream and the Mexican War, 1846-1848. New York: Carroll and Graf, 2007.

U2 Case Project Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

U2 Case Project - Coursework Example d http://www.icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited, serverDeleteProhibited http://www.icann.org/epp#serverDeleteProhibited, serverTransferProhibited http://www.icann.org/epp#serverTransferProhibited, serverUpdateProhibited http://www.icann.org/epp#serverUpdateProhibited. clientDeleteProhibited -- http://www.icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited, clientRenewProhibited -- http://www.icann.org/epp#clientRenewProhibited, clientTransferProhibited -- http://www.icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited, clientUpdateProhibited -- http://www.icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited, serverDeleteProhibited -- http://www.icann.org/epp#serverDeleteProhibited, serverRenewProhibited -- http://www.icann.org/epp#serverRenewProhibited, serverTransferProhibited -- http://www.icann.org/epp#serverTransferProhibited, serverUpdateProhibited -- http://www.icann.org/epp#serverUpdateProhibited In this section we shall resolve the server issues being experienced by a company that has upgraded its network from Windows Server 2000 server to Windows Server 2008. A server acts as an electronic filing cabinet. This happens to be one of its fundamental roles. Client’s connection to a server is purposefully to gain access to a shared file or stored data. Bender (2009) to us the newly improved technologies from Windows Server 2008 that will help in solving the server issue. These are improved distributed file services and improved file sharing wizard. A centralized point is provided by the distributed file sharing service (DFS), it is at this point that information is loaded to enable easy access. This point will enable the business to access network data from the database. The other technology is file sharing wizard. The sharing wizard on the system must first be enabled in other to share files with other network users. In order to establish connection you first start by c licking network and sharing center. You then turn on public folder sharing; this applies on systems with established

The threat of cybercrime is rising sharply, experts have warned at the Essay

The threat of cybercrime is rising sharply, experts have warned at the World Economic Forum in Davos. Online theft costs $1 tril - Essay Example The final section is the conclusion and recommendations, in which the issues are wrapped up and the recommendations are put forth. The recommendations are basically that more countries need to be a part of the treaty, the countries that are a part of the treaty need to have their law harmonized, and businesses need to take security measures more seriously. Introduction The advent of the Internet has brought a variety of threats, and the biggest threat is that of cybercrime. Cybercrime can be anything from hacking to copyright infringement to possession of child pornography. The European Council has attempted to address the threats by implementing a treaty that was signed by some 22 countries and ratified by 23 more. Known as the Convention on Cybercrime, this treaty sought to harmonize domestic laws for the member states, while making prosecution of cybercriminals ostensibly easier, as the offenses became extraditable and the nations agreed to work together to help one another fight these crimes. While this treaty has done some good, in that it has served as a model for other countries that were not signatories to the treaty, it has its flaws as well. One of the major flaws is that it does not encompass countries that have the most problems with cybercrime. Another flaw is that the countries that have signed the treaty or ratified it have not implemented the provisions in a uniform fashion, or at all. What this means is that cybercrime is still a problem. How much of a problem it is will be examined by looking into the UK, and assessing the damage that cybercrime has done to its economy. As the UK is a developed country that should be able to combat cybercrime better than most countries, it is a good bellwether as to how serious cybercrime still is. And the numbers are not good. 1.0 The Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime – What it is, what it does, and its limitations 1.1 What it is The Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (hereinafter â₠¬Å"treaty†) was a treaty that was signed in 2001 that essentially internationalized cybercrime law.1 The treaty was necessitated by the fact that computer crime was not pursued vigorously by many countries, and this treaty attempted to address this problem by harmonizing criminal law regarding cyber crimes and commits the signatories to use their domestic laws to more vigorously pursue these crimes. 2 The provisions of the treaty were enacted in 2004, with 22 countries signing the treaty and another 23 countries ratifying it.3 While it was prepared by the Council of Europe, it was prepared with the participation of the United States, Japan, Canada and South Africa.4 It has also served as a model law for countries that are not signatories to the treaty, as these countries are using the provisions of the treaty as a guidelines for their own legislation.5 Title I of the Act essentially forces the member states to use their domestic laws to make certain actions criminal. It requir ed the parties to the convention to use their domestic laws to criminalize an individual accessing a computer without having the right to do so. It also stated that a member may require that the individual accesses the computer by breaching security with the intent to steal data or another dishonest intent.6 Hence, the treaty left it open to the signing countries – if they wanted to make their laws state that any kind of unauthorized access is

Education Insurance Awareness Essay Example for Free

Education Insurance Awareness Essay An Overview In 1965, Yarri proposed the use of life insurance to insure against lifetime uncertainty resulting for the mortality risk of individuals. Premature death of a family head can bring serious financial consequences for the surviving family members because the family head’s earnings are lost forever leaving unfulfilled financial obligations, such as dependents to support, children to educate, and a mortgage to repay. Life insurance allows individuals and families to share the risk of premature death with many others and to alleviate the financial loss from the premature death of the rimary wage earner (Garman Forgue, 2006). The purchase of life insurance is one of the most important purchasing decisions for individuals and families (Anderson Nevin, 1975) and it is a critical component of a long-term financial plan (Devaney Keaton, 1994). 2). Introduction to Child Education Insurance Policy A child education policy is a life insurance product specially designed as a savings tool to provide an amount of money when a child reaches the age for entry into college normally 18 years old and above. The funds can be utilised to partly meet a childs higher education expenses. Also, if purchaser opts for a payor benefit rider, an education policy provides the assurance that, in the event of an untimely demise of the parents or legal guardian, the child will have access to funds to help finance his or her education expenses. Under a child education policy, the child is the life assured, while the parent or legal guardian is the policy owner. 3). Types of child education policies available in life insurance market. There are two main types, i. . an endowment or investment-linked policy. The difference between the two lies in the structure as well as the nature of investments. 3. 1) Endowment policy is an endowment policy combines a savings component with protection coverage. Endowment policy may be either participating or non-participating. As the name implies, non-participating policy do not participate in the life insurance funds profits but all insurance benefits are fully guaran teed. On the other hand, for participating policy, a portion of insurance benefits are guaranteed. However, the ultimate amount of benefits at maturity is not guaranteed as these depend on the performance of the insurance companys participating life insurance fund. 3. 2) Investment-linked policy is an investment-linked policy combines the elements of investment and protection based on your requirement as the policy owner. It offers flexibility as you are able to increase or top-up your monthly premium contribution as your income improves. If you wish to be more aggressive with the instruments of investment, an investment-linked policy will also allow you to choose the types of funds your money will be invested in. However, like any other similar investment, there are higher risks involved and there are no guarantees on the returns, which may be higher or lower than projected. 4). Research Background An increasing trend of education expenses to enter college or university nowadays, a lot of parents using financial sources such as Employee Providence Fund or rely on borrowing from Perbadanan Tabung Pendidikan Tinggi Negara to afford the study expenses of their son after leaving secondary school for a higher level of study. As an alternative source of financial protection against high education expenses, parents can purchase an education insurance starting from their children young age. Compare with withdrawal of lump sum of money from EPF (Employee Providence Fund) or make borrowing from PTPTN (Perbadanan Tabung Pendidikan Tinggi Negara), a parents just need to pay for a small amount of premium and parents as a payer can be covered by insurance in case death or total permanent disablement occurred by paying for an extra insurance rider in the particular education insurance policy. Therefore, this research carried out to examine the level of awareness among parents in Sibu Region towards education insurance provide by insurance companies in Malaysia. This thesis aims to examine both the type and amount of life insurance purchased by households. To this end, comprehensive models of households’ demand for life insurance were developed, which included demographic variables (age, education, employment status, health status, number of children, marital status, and race), economic and assets variables (income, homeownership, debts, as well as portfolio elements such as liquid assets, certificates of deposit, mutual funds, bonds, stocks, individual retirement accounts, annuities, other miscellaneous financial assets, and nonfinancial assets), and psychographic variables (attitude toward risk, attitude toward leaving a bequest, and one’s expected life expectancy). The effects of these factors on either term or cash value life insurance purchased by households were examined separately. Research Objective General objective To examine the parent’s awareness towards education insurance. Specific Objective 1). To investigate whether parents had purchase education insurance or not for their children at their young age. 2). To identify from which channel of information that made parents aware of education insurance. 3). To identify whether insurance industry playing an effective role in promoting education insurance in life insurance market. ). To examine parents interest towards education insurance products administered by insurance company in insurance market. 5). The main purpose of this study is to examine whether demographic factors influence the purchase of education insurance among parents in Sibu Region. Research question 1). Do you know there is education insurance product in insurance market? 2). Had you purchased any education insur ance from any insurance company for your children? 3). Had any insurance agent approach or introduce and give explanation to you regarding education insurance? 4). Are you willing to purchase any education insurance for your children? 5). what type sources of information you needed to enhance the knowledge regarding education insurance? Problem statement Financing child’s education is one of the major investments that any wise parent is prepared to undertake. A sound university education is not only among the basic requirements to establish a good career; it can also form the foundation of your child’s intellectual maturity for life. We all start learning since birth and the brief period of academic education in our lives represents another landmark in a life-long learning process. But given the high cost of education and the competition to enter well-known universities, it is necessary to have an investment plan to fund our children’s brief sting of three to four years in university. With the limited places available in local universities, many Malaysian students have wisely invested in university education abroad. Faced with the rising costs of overseas university education, how can parents save and invest to finance the tuition fees, let alone the living costs. The depegging of the ringgit from the U. S. dollar last year is a welcome move for many Malaysian parents because under the flexible exchange rate system, the ringgit is likely to appreciate over the long term. This will help Malaysians reduce the cost of overseas education in popular countries such as the U. K. , U. S. and Australia (Charles Goh, www. fimm. com. my/pdf/investor/articles/09). One of the biggest worries for parents nowadays is how to fund their children’s education, which does not come cheap. In addition, as with everything else, education expenses, is it in foreign and local colleges/universities, private primary and secondary schools are expected to trend upwards in future (Elaine Ang, http://thestar. com. my/ September 18, 2010). The trend is upwards as far as education costs are concerned. In predicting the future, we can only use assumptions such as cost and inflation factors in child education planning. The general increase for local studies is about 3% per year and foreign about 5% and this applies to a general business degree of three years (Mike Lee, CTLA Financial Planners Sdn Bhd managing director, 2010). An average increase of between 5% to 7% annually in education costs for studies locally and in countries such as Britain, United States, Australia, Canada and Singapore excluding foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Moreover, there are certain years where the increase can be in a lump sum instead of percentage depending on the circumstances. (Matthew Gan, E. T. Education Services Sdn Bhd managing director, 2010). Some of the common mistakes parents make when saving for their child’s education fund are starting too late, saving without investing and not considering foreign exchange fluctuations for those who aim to send their children overseas. It is important to determine what the education costs are in current value and identify a suitable savings and investment vehicle. Some parents don’t even have a clue how much education costs (Yap Ming Hui, Whitman Independent Advisors Sdn Bhd managing director, 2010). Save and invest your money as early as possible. Let your money grow with your child, school fees for primary and secondary education range from RM15,000 to RM17,000 per annum with an average 10% increase in fees every two years (Rina Thiagu-Kler, Marketing manager Sri KDU, 2010). Because of less study and difficulties to obtain data regarding education insurance demand in Sibu Region. A brief interview conducted with Mr. Ten Kim Loong, Unit Manager of Kumpulan Elite Ten from Etiqa insurance agency on 2nd December 2011 where he indicated that most of the insurance product demanded by household within Sibu region is medical card and personal accident policy, it is because the premium affordable by policyholder, moreover among the clients approached did not know what policy to purchase and how much sum insured should be enough for protection need†. A discussion session also conducted with Mohamad Faizuli Bin Abd Karim, a financial planner from Takaful Ikhlas Sdn Bhd reveal that among the prospects that approached by him saying that they are not interested in any of insurance products and they worried the premium payment can become an extra expenses as per we noticed the living standard and price of basic necessity good are very high nowadays. The Breakdown of Schooling Expenditure As shown in Table 2, the average cost of schooling overall was found to be RM1,782 per student per year. The cost in rural areas which averaged RM1,590 was about 22 per cent lower than urban areas.

The Digital Divide Essays -- essays papers

The Digital Divide Abstract: Around the world 429 million people are connected to the Internet. Forty-one percent of those people can be found in North America. Although 429 million seems like a large number it is only 6 percent of the global population (Fact Sheet, 2004). Numbers like this reflect the digital divide that has grown since the creation of the computer and more recently, the ‘Information Super Highway’ called, the Internet. The digital divide describes the issue that some people have access to and use computers and the Internet while others do not. There are several factors that play into those that do not have access and there are programs that have been created to close the gap between these people and those that have access. Full Text: Bridges.org (2003) describes the digital divide as â€Å"the wide division between those who have access to ICT [information and communications technologies] and are using it effectively and those who do not.† These groups are labeled the â€Å"have† and the â€Å"have-nots.† As technology increases the importance of having access to it grows also. Those who do not have access to technology lag behind and end up in the ‘gap’ of the digital divide. Usually the majority of people that fall in the ‘have-nots† category are in developing countries around the world, but a large number can be found right in the United States. Several factors seem to play a part in who becomes a victim of the digital divide. These include race, socioeconomic status, education, location, age and gender. The statistics for race and access to Internet access in the home show that 46.1% of white households are online and 56.8% of Asian American and Pacific Islanders have access to the Internet in th... ...e Network. (2004). Digital Divide Basics Fact Sheet. Retrieved April 18, 2004 from http://www.digitaldividenetwork.org/content/stories/index.cfm?key=168 6.) Hillebrand, M. (1999). US Government Attempts to Bridge Digital Divide. E-Commerce Times. Retrieved April 12, 2004 from http://www.ecommercetimes.com/perl/story/1086.html. 7.)Holmes, S. (2000). NMSU project aims to bridge ‘digital divide.’ Retrieved April 24, 2004 from http://www.amarillonet.com/stories/070600/usn_nmsu.shtml. 8.) PBS.org. (2001). Outreach Activities. Retrieved April 18, 2004 from http://www.pbs.org/digitaldivide/news.html. 9.) Steele-Carrin, S. (2000). Caught in the Digital Divide. Education World. Retrieved April 27, 2004 from http://www.educationworld.com/a_tech/tech041.shtml. 10.) Vail, K. (2003). Next Generation Divide. American School Board Journal, 190, 23-25.

Objective Strategies Essay

Competitive advantage of the product = only perceived by buyers. LEADERSHIP IN COSTS: When consumers value low cost as a factor very important in their purchase decision. It relies on the productivity dimension and is usually linked to the existence of an experience or economies of scale effect. This strategy involves close monitoring of costs operating costs of products and services and expenditure reduced advertising sales and while the emphasis is essentially obtains a low unit cost in relation to its competitors. Differentiation When the client buys by factors other than price These strategies are intended to give the product qualities important for the buyer distinctive and distinguishing it from the offers from competitors. It can be based on an image of brand, a recognized technological advance, the outward appearance. SPECIALIST When focused on the needs of a segment or a particular group of buyers, without pretending to go to the market Primary strategy: Get place in all stores. At least one of our bikes. To achieve this we use the following tactics: Contact one by one with all the shops and they personally show you our portfolio. Method: will be contacted by telephone and as far as possible will visit the shops. Emphasis will be placed on the price of our products to better pleasing our customers. . id that â€Å"no child deserves to suffer and die if it could easily have been prevented†), since I have no evidence of Basson contributing to charity to create a better world for all. My comment that I would like to see Basson contribute to enable the underprivileged to create a better life for themselves and that this is what I would do if I were to earn that much is, however, compatible with my opinions of both assignments 3 and 4, since I expressed in both that we should help others as much as we can, and not let children die needlessly. Sources consulted: Collins Dictionary. [Sa]. [O]. Available at: http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/altruism (accessed on 23/08/2014) Eccles, N. 2013. Sustainability and Greed. [O]. Available at: https://my.unisa.ac.za/portal/site/SUS1501-14-S2-16T/page/a5485ad2-c031-4ffd-a90f-3313380c55b4 (accessed on 23/08/2014)

How is Iago Presented In Act 1 Of “Othello” Essay

â€Å"Othello† was a play written by William Shakespeare in 1603. This play is a tragedy written in iambic pentameter, with a noble hero named Othello and a devious villain called Iago. Iago changes the story for the worst as he causes Othello to commit suicide and murder his loyal wife because of his fatal flow which is jealousy. The opening of the play confuses the audience for Iago and Roderigo are arguing over Desdemona. The audience may also be confused for they don’t know who the characters are and why they are having this discussion. The confusion and chaos in the play is related to when Queen Elizabeth died for this is how the country felt at the time and were in the middle of a controversy. They may also be shocked when the performance first starts for on stage would have been the first black male performer as there was a lot of prejudice at the time. Act 1 scene 1 begins with an argument between Iago and Roderigo as this was an effective way to start a play as it gets the audience hooked, because they want to find out what they are arguing about. Iago is Shakespeare’s villain and the audience almost immediately become aware of this hence he has been taking money from a character named Roderigo. This is because Iago was accepting money from him to try and persuade Desdemona to meet Roderigo. We can show this for he says â€Å"That thou, Iago, who hast my purse as if the strings were thine†. This shows that Iago can manipulate people very easily he feels he is like a puppeteer been able to have control people. This may make the audience feel sympathetic for Roderigo because he has been duped by his trusted friend. Shakespeare is presenting Iago immediately in a negative light for he contrasts him with the well spoken Roderigo. We also know that theatre was the best kind of entertainment in the early 1600s. However, also in act I scene I, Shakespeare allows the audience to feel some sympathy for Iago because he loses his position of lieutenant to Michael Cassio. We can show this as he says â€Å"I have already chose my officer.† And what was he? Forsooth, a great arithmetician,. One Michael Cassio, a Florentine. That never set a squadron in the field, nor the division of a battle knows more than a sinister-unless the bookish theatrics†. At this  part the audience start to feel sorry for Iago because it should have been him who got the promotion. Othello knows that Iago can fight well in battle as it quotes â€Å"And I of whom his eyes had seen the proof at Rhodes, at Cyprus and on other grounds†. This makes the audience confused on why Othello gave the position to Cassio and not Iago. In the text it says â€Å"Forsooth, a great arithmetician† showing that Cassio is intelligent, however not strong in battle. In the first scene, Iago states â€Å"It is as sure as you are Roderigo, Were the moor, I would not be Iago, In following him, I follow myself† which is showing that he doesn’t follow Othello’s orders and makes his own decisions in what he thinks is right. Later, he says â€Å"I am not what I am† which insists that he is following Othello as a loyal, honest friend when the audience, myself and Roderigo know the true side to him. This is shown because Iago and Roderigo wake Brabantio up in the middle of the night by shouting vulgar comments at his window. They awake Brabantio by saying â€Å"Awake! What, ho, Brabantio! Thieves! Thieves! Look to your house, your daughter, and your bags! Thieves! Thieves!†. This shows the audience that they both have no respect, even though Brabantio is a senator. We know this because Iago says to Roderigo â€Å"Do, with like timorous accent and dire yell as when, by night and negligence, the fire is spied in populous cities†. This shows the audience that Iago can get people to do anything he wants them to do, backing up the point that he is like a puppeteer. By awaking brabantio in the middle of the night and saying â€Å"Look to your house, your daughter†, it would make him check that Desdemona is in the bed, but as she is absent from the house, this would expose desdemona’s secret to her father. The audience would also feel shocked and disgusted in Iago and Roderigo for they are grown men and are showing a low level of maturity. Iago later shouts â€Å"Even now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe† insisting that Othello and Desdemona are having sexual intercourse at this moment in time. The audience can now see that Iago is rude, arrogant, foul mouthed and has low social class. In this scene Shakespeare presents Iago as a devious and manipulative man. One way he does this is that Iago sets up a confrontation between Roderigo and Brabantio, then slyly walks of leaving Roderigo to bear the brunt of  Brabantio`s anger. However, Iago’s ultimate aim is to get revenge on Othello because he gave his promotion to Michael Cassio, even though he is far better in battle and has proved this when Iago says â€Å"Of whom his eyes had seen the proof at Rhodes, at Cyprus and on other grounds†. This shows that Othello has seen that he rightfully deserved the position of lieutenant. In act I scene I, Iago is twisting Brabantio’s mind and poisoning it with hatred towards Othello in order to make Brabantio urge to cause trouble for him. I think this shows the audience that Iago being cowardly because instead of facing up to Othello and speaking to him about his disagreement for he makes Brabantio and Roderigo work for him. He does this so he doesn’t get his trust put into question by Othello. This could also lead to him being called a traitor. He is also represented as being manipulative with this quote, â€Å"As if the strings were thine† saying that he is like a puppeteer with control over whoever he chooses which later in the play, his skills will pay off as his plan comes into action by getting everyone against each other and it results in mass murder though suspicious Iago aroused. In addition, right at the end of act I scene I, Iago directs Roderigo in the direction of Othello making him in control of the situation showing how easily manipulated Roderigo is. Pace is built throughout the beginning of the first scene when Iago is making long speeches and rants about Othello. The pace rapidly increases when it gets to the point where Roderigo is under Iago’s spell and is convinced by what he is saying. This is when Iago encourages him to tell Brabantio about Othello and Desdemona, â€Å"Call up her father, rouse him†. As soon as Roderigo agrees and begins to wake Brabantio, Iago’s confidence rises as he knows he has accomplished the first part of his devious scheme to get revenge on Othello. Tension is built during the first part of the scene when Iago is giving his monologue, it is an emotional speech and Roderigo learns a lot about him from it. For example, when he says â€Å"I wear my heart upon my sleeve†, we know he is not an honest, decent person. It is tense because Roderigo is confused about what to say as he is intimidated by Iago who is very arrogant and proud of himself. Towards the end of the scene, t he tension has eased and no one is anxious anymore because everything that needed to be said, has been. So in act I scene I, Iago isn’t everything he starts off as being represented as it would seem. We begin to believe his ploys of innocence and then they are greatly subverted and changed. Everything we are led to believe changes in minutes of reading as pity turns to hate, and friendship turns to duplicity and manipulation.

To what extent are Brits and Great Britain stereotypical or essays

To what extent are Brits and Great Britain stereotypical or essays As  ¡Four Weddings and a Funeral ¡ is a relatively new film, it allows the viewers to take a closer look at the situation in contemporary Britain,-the people,traditions, customs and some national stereotypes.It shows the country and the people from the point of view of a typical Britisher rather than someone who lives outside the U.K.Consequently,this image of Brits and Britain tends to be a bit idealised on one hand, and stereotypical on the other -the film shows both good sides of the British and also contains the slightly stereotyped view of them. Meanwhile, the vices of the main characters definitely seem to be toned down at least to some point ; also certain aspects of the country ¡s image is different than it is in for real.Another important issue is the fact, that the movie shows rather incomplete view of the British society-mostly middle class is depicted here and it is only during the funeral when we can see also the working class. To find out how true is the image of Great Britain presented in the  ¡ Four Weddings and a Funeral ¡ a few common stereotypes should be examined, confronted and compared with the film. Let us now consider the setting and the main characters. The first wedding is set in a small town in the rural area; the wedding reception is held in the garden and this, as well as the third wedding- that of Carrie and Hamish in his castle in Scotland with Scottish dances,bagpipes and kilts-create the picturesque and almost pastoral view-simmilar to those seen on postcard. It can be said, therefore,that the image of Britain as a country seem to be idealised.Also the weather is presented in such way-there is no sign of rain or fog-in fact, it rains only once during the whole film.This image can be contrasted with the setting of Charles ¡s wedding (that incompletedÆ’)  ¡Van old historic church in a bigger city and the setting the funeral, which was a chance to portrait the industrial esta ...

When to Spell Out Numbers

When to Spell Out Numbers When to Spell Out Numbers When to Spell Out Numbers By Maeve Maddox Reader Pam points out a significant difference between technical writing and non-technical writing: On your 10 rules for numbers, rule #2 doesnt tell the whole story, especially for technical writers. Any numbers used with measurements (time, distance) must be expressed as figures in technical writing (8 months, 6-inch nails, 9 p.m.) With any kind of writing, context determines usage, and a style guide appropriate to the genre must be the writer’s final authority. Writing online, David A. McMurrey, author of Processes in Technical Writing (Macmillan 1988), has this to say about the use of numerals in technical writing: The main hurdle to overcome is to learn that in technical contexts, we use numerals in text, even ones below 10. In other words, we break the rules that are taught in regular writing courses and that are used in normal publishing and copyediting practice. Thats because in the technical and scientific context, we are vitally interested in numbers, statistical data, even if its a 2 or 5 or- yes- even a 0. He acknowledges the difficulty in defining the rules, and distinguishes between â€Å"important† and â€Å"unimportant† numbers. You should use numerals, not words, when the number is a key value, an exact measurement value, or both. For example, in the sentence Our computer backup system uses 4 mm tape the numeral is in order. He gives these examples in which the word is preferable to the numeral: There are four key elements that define a desktop publishing system. There are six data types in the C programming language. Like the general writer, the technical writer is advised against beginning a sentence with a numeral: write the number out or, better yet, rephrase the sentence so that it doesnt begin the sentence. McMurrey concludes his rules about the writing of numerals with a reminder of the importance of context: Apply these rules in specifically technical, scientific contexts only. Be sensitive to what the standard practices are in the context in which you are writing. Recommendations to spell or not to spell a number differ from style book to style book. Many, for example, advise spelling numbers 1-10 and using numerals for eleven and up. I don’t follow that rule because I don’t like the way 11 looks in a sentence. Here’s the Chicago Manual of Style’s General Rule about the use of numerals: In nontechnical contexts, the following are spelled out: whole numbers from one through one hundred, round numbers, and any number beginning a sentence. For other numbers, numerals are used. The CMOS then goes on to treat the numerous exceptions and special cases at length. Bottom line: When it comes to writing numbers as numerals or as words, consider context, and equip yourself with an appropriate style book for the work at hand. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 Idioms with HeartHow to Pronounce MobileSupervise vs. Monitor

World Religions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

World Religions - Essay Example There are also several differences on the level of dogma as well. For example, people who have adopted the approach of Reformation Christianity do not share the idea of a saint in a traditional meaning of this word. Thus, the pious figures who acted in the Bible are respected, but they are not prayed to, as it is in Roman Catholicism. Reformation Christianity suggests that a true believer should only pray to God and not intermediary is needed so that the prayer is heard by the All Mighty. Finally, the idea of purgatory – the place when souls of the sinner might stay temporarily in order to purify themselves – is characteristic to Roman Catholicism only. Reformation Christianity argues that the after life is divided into two separate worlds – Heaven and Hell – and there is no need for a third one as the above-mentioned concepts are perfect and a true Christian should work hard on getting into Heaven and ending up in a purgatory is not an option. Just like any other religion, Islam has several fundamental principles that define its spiritual tradition. They received the name of Five Pillars of Islam. The first of them is called Shahadah and is largely focused on the key ideas of the Muslim faith: there is no God, but God (Allah is simply the Arabic word for God) and Mohammed should be regarded as the only Messenger from him. These two simple statements from a set of coordinates that Islam operates within. That is why there is no wonder that the above-mentioned statement is repeated several times during a day by true believers.